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von Schuckmann, K, Le Traon, PY, Alvarez-Fanjul, E, Axell, L, Balmaseda, M, Breivik, L-A, Brewin, RJW, Bricaud, C, Drevillon, M, Drillet, Y, Dubois, C, Embury, O, Etienne, H, Sotillo, MG, Garric, G, Gasparin, F, Gutknecht, E, Guinehut, S, Hernandez, F, Juza, M, Karlson, B, Korres, G, Legeais, J-F, Levier, B, Lien, VS, Morrow, R, Notarstefano, G, Parent, L, Pascual, Á, Pérez-Gómez, B, Perruche, C, Pinardi, N, Pisano, A, Poulain, P-M, Pujol, IM, Raj, RP, Raudsepp, U, Roquet, H, Samuelsen, A, Sathyendranath, S, She, J, Simoncelli, S, Solidoro, C, Tinker, J, Tintoré, J, Viktorsson, L, Ablain, M, Almroth-Rosell, E, Bonaduce, A, Clementi, E, Cossarini, G, Dagneaux, Q, Desportes, C, Dye, S, Fratianni, C, Good, S, Greiner, E, Gourrion, J, Hamon, M, Holt, J, Hyder, P, Kennedy, J, Manzano-Muñoz, F, Melet, A, Meyssignac, B, Mulet, S, Buongiorno Nardelli, B, O’Dea, E, Olason, E, Paulmier, A, Pérez-González, I, Reid, R, Racault, M-FLP, Raitsos, DE, Ramos, A, Sykes, P, Szekely, T and Verbrugge, N 2016 The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Ocean State Report. Journal of Operational Oceanography, 9 (sup2). s235-s320. https://doi.org/10.1080/1755876X.2016.1273446
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Abstract/Summary
The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) Ocean State Report (OSR) provides an annual report of the state of the global ocean and European regional seas for policy and decision-makers with the additional aim of increasing general public awareness about the status of, and changes in, the marine environment. The CMEMS OSR draws on expert analysis and provides a 3-D view (through reanalysis systems), a view from above (through remote-sensing data) and a direct view of the interior (through in situ measurements) of the global ocean and the European regional seas. The report is based on the unique CMEMS monitoring capabilities of the blue (hydrography, currents), white (sea ice) and green (e.g. Chlorophyll) marine environment. This first issue of the CMEMS OSR provides guidance on Essential Variables, large-scale changes and specific events related to the physical ocean state over the period 1993–2015. Principal findings of this first CMEMS OSR show a significant increase in global and regional sea levels, thermosteric expansion, ocean heat content, sea surface temperature and Antarctic sea ice extent and conversely a decrease in Arctic sea ice extent during the 1993–2015 period. During the year 2015 exceptionally strong large-scale changes were monitored such as, for example, a strong El Niño Southern Oscillation, a high frequency of extreme storms and sea level events in specific regions in addition to areas of high sea level and harmful algae blooms. At the same time, some areas in the Arctic Ocean experienced exceptionally low sea ice extent and temperatures below average were observed in the North Atlantic Ocean.
| Item Type: | Publication - Article |
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| Additional Keywords: | Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service, Ocean reporting, Ocean monitoring, State of the ocean, Ocean variability, Operational oceanography, Ocean climate variability |
| Subjects: | Earth Observation - Remote Sensing Meteorology and Climatology |
| Divisions: | Plymouth Marine Laboratory > Science Areas > Earth Observation Science and Applications Plymouth Marine Laboratory > Science Areas > Sea from Space (expired) |
| Depositing User: | Marie-Fanny Racault |
| Date made live: | 30 Nov 2017 15:10 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Apr 2020 09:58 |
| URI: | https://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/7617 |
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